A study of neonatal morbidity and mortality in government general hospital, Srikakulam Andhra Pradesh, India

Authors

  • Gunasekhar Raju S. Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical Collage Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Somasekhara Rao S. Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical Collage Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192573

Keywords:

Care, Causes, Morbidity, Mortality, Neonatal

Abstract

Background: Four million newborn babies die in the neonatal period, India 1.2 million neonatal deaths every year. India contributes for a quarter of global neonatal deaths and thus faces the biggest newborn health challenge of any country in the world. The aims of the study were done with the objective to conclude the morbidity and mortality pattern of neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: Hospital based prospective study was conducted at NICU Government Medical Collage, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Neonates from admission to discharge flowed, LAMA or death collecting the data by using a predesigned standardized preform.

Results: Neonates were admitted in the NICU during period April 2014 to March 2019. The data analysis for the morbidity showed that the neonatal jaundice (NNJ) were 765(10.57%) , septicemia were 1110 (15.34%), prematurity were 593 (8.19%), birth asphyxia were 963 (13.30%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were 184 (2.54%),hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) were 984 (8.46%), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)were 612 (8.46%),transient tachypnea of neonate (TTN) were 634 (8.76%), low birth weight (LBW) were 418 (5.77%), intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) were 179 (2.47%), congenital anomalies were 131 (1.81%), meningitis were 83 (1.15%), seizure disorder were 49 (0.68%) and others. The disease wise mortality among the neonates admitted to NICU was studied and were found that prematurity 212 (35.75%), septicemia were 74 (6.67%), birth asphyxia were 91 (21.70%), meconium aspiration syndrome were 70 (11.44%) and respiratory distress syndrome were 66 (35.87%), low birth weight were 102 (24.40%) congenital anomalies were 31 (23.66%) the top major contributors to the neonatal mortality.

Conclusions: The commonest causes of admission were neonatal jaundice (NNJ), sepsis, prematurity, meconium aspiration syndrome, birth asphyxia, low birth weight, congenital anomalies. The most common cause of case fatality was prematurity, meconium aspiration syndrome, birth asphyxia, low birth weight, congenital anomalies in NICU in a tertiary care teaching hospital, government medical college, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

References

Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J. Lancet neonatal survival steering team 4 million neonatal deaths. 2005;365:891-900.

National neonatology forum. Washington (DC) national neonatology forum and save the children US 2004. The state of India's newborns; 2004. Available at: https://www.savethechildren.org.

United nations children's fund; 2008. Available at: https://nrhm.gujarat.gov.in/images/pdf/unice_scnu_toolkit.pdf.

Jain S, Bhakoo ON, Singh M. Neonatal monitoring, recommendations and proceedings of the seminar. Chathram Hospital Res Centre Indore. 1990:6-17.

Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, Lawn JE, Rudan I, Bassani DG, et al. Global, regional and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2010;375:1969-87.

Blackman JA. Neonatal intensive care. Is it worth it? Ped Clin North Am. 1991;38:1497-511.

Narang A, Kiran PS, Kumar P. Cost of neonatal intensive care in a tertiary care center. Indian Pediatr. 2005;42:989-7.

Anjum ZM, Shamoon M. Pattern of neonatal unit of Allied Hospital Faisalabad Pakistan. Annals Punjab Med Col. 2009;3:129-31.

Kumar MK, Thakur SN, Singh BB. Study of the morbidity and the mortality patterns in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Clinic Diag Res. 2012;6:282-5.

Seyal T, Husnain F, Anwar A. (2011) Audit of neonatal morbidity and mortality at neonatal unit of Sir Gangaram Hospital Lahore. Annals King Edward Med Coll. 2011;1:9-13.

Ugwu GI. Pattern of morbidity and mortality in the newborn special care unit in a tertiary institution in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: A two-year prospective study. Global Adv Res J Med Med Sci. 2012;1(6):133-8.

Nahar J, Zabeen B, Akhter S, Azad K, Nahar N. (2007) Neonatal morbidity and mortality pattern in the special care baby unit of Birdem. Ibrahim Med Coll J. 2007;1:1-4.

Hussain S. Neonatal morbidity and mortality pattern in a tertiary care neonatal unit of a teaching Hospital. Ann Pak Inst Med Sci. 2014;10:7-11.

Ali SR, Ahmed S, Lohana H. Disease patterns and outcomes of neonatal admissions at a secondary care hospital in Pakistan. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013:424-8.

Prasad V, Singh N. Causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates admitted in Government Medical College Haldwaniin Kumaon Region (Uttarakhand) India. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2011;8:1-4.

Narayan R. A study of pattern of admission and outcome in a neonatal intensive care unit at high altitude. Sri Lanka J Child Health. 2012;41:79-81.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-27

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles